Methodology And Procedures Used In The Lp - 754 Words

The methodology and procedures employed in the LULC study included reviewing previous studies specific to the study area, interpretation and analysis of recent and middle-aged satellite images, NDVI and DNDVI analysis, preliminary land use and land cover classification and mapping, field and signature data collection and verification, and post land cover mapping (methodology Fig.2). During pre-fieldwork, the images were rectified and enhanced to create a more realistic representation of the scene and land cover signatures. Geospatial data uncertainty resulted from image resampling, percent cloud cover, assumptions of homogeneity, and physical properties of feature of interest were improved by applying geometric and radiometric corrections†¦show more content†¦Image resampling involves the conversion of satellite imagery at a relatively fine scale to a more coarse spatial resolution with imagery from similar or different satellite sensor with varying spatial resolution. 17 Th e choice of the resampling method depends, among others, on the ratio between input and output pixel size and the purpose of the resampled image (Bakker, et al., 2004). In this research, Landsat TM images were resampled using the nearest neighbor resampling technique to preserve the original image radiometric information (Serra, X, Sauri, 2003)(Serra et al., 2003. In addition, Nearest neighbor assigns the digital number, DN (fig..x), value of the closest original pixel to the new pixel by retaining all spectral information for efficient image classification ((Parker, Kenyon, Troxel, 1983). (Bakker, et al., 2004). Fig. DN valklues Classification and land cover mapping Various classification methods have been developed to extract information from imageries. The two main types are pixel and object-based methods. Pixel-based methods can be cluster based unsupervised or supervised classification whereas the later uses statistical (e.g., maximum likelihood algorism) and non-statistical algorithms (e.g., support vector machines) (Lu, Li, Kuang, Moran, 2014). The object-based classification which overcomes some of the particular problems encountered with pixel-based classification (Blaschke, 2010) was used to analyzeShow MoreRelatedGps Limitations And Limitations Of Gps1304 Words   |  6 Pagespractical or available in many cases. Thus, techniques assisting GPS with LPS components have received many attentions from both industry and academia in recent years. An approach widely used on mobile phone navigations is cellular networking based localization. The global deployment and general availability of cellular networks make it an intuitive option for localization and assisting GPS. As other RF technologies, various methodologies could work on cellular signals including fingerprinting [3]. But dueRead MoreConstruction Projects Of Saudi Arabia991 Words   |  4 Pagesquality of each activity (Babu and Suresh, 1996; Tareghian and Taheri, 2006, 2007). In another approach for assisting construction planners in making time-cost trade-off decisions. This new approach, named the LP/IP hybrid method, is a combination of linear and integer programming. The LP/IP hybrid method first establishes the lower bound of the time-cost relationship of a project using linear programming. Based on the linear programming solutions, regions of desired time and cost can be selectedRead MoreGps Limitations And Limitations Of Gps1304 Words   |  6 Pagespractical or available in many cases. Thus, techniques assisting GPS with LPS components have received many attentions from both industry and academia in recent years. An approach widely used on mobile phone navigations is cellular networking based localization. The global deployment and general availability of cellular networks make it an intuitive option for localization and assisting GPS. As other RF technologies, various methodologies could work on cellular signals including fingerprinting [3]. But dueRead MoreEvaluating The Potential Quality Loss Cost1692 Words   |  7 Pagesin planning. Another research highlights using linear and integer programming algorithms for resource optimization while scheduling of project, thereby analyzing potential time-cost tradeoff. In a different approach, researcher used fuzzy multi-attribute utility methodology and justifying it with computational analysis to provide an alternate solution to the problem. A research focusing on principle of genetic algorithms, results in development of VBA macro programs which uses the total project costRead MoreThe Signal Data Obtained Through The Measurement Phase1818 Words   |  8 Pages The signal data obtained in the measurement phase is then used to approximate the position of the target node. Since, due to many factors range data often gets attenuated by noisy signal measurements, optimization methods are to be employed to filter the noise and arrive at a more definite position estimate. Lateration:When ranges between anchor nodes and the mobile node can be determined, lateration is used to estimate position [35]. For two-dimensional localization, three rangeRead MoreAnalysis Of Lps Schemes Can Be Categorized From Different Perspectives1927 Words   |  8 Pages 2.2 LPS Classification Due to their diversity, LPS schemes can be categorized from different perspectives .The classification could be based on various criteria like methodology, dependency on equipment’s, operating scenarios, targeted users and outputs. Here we categorize indoor localization systems along three dimensions. First, we consider the output of a localization system which is usually generalized as locations or positions, but actually could be divided into different groups. MostRead MoreAbsolute Advantage By Adam Smith Essay1507 Words   |  7 Pagesfor both nations. Different nations may use different technologies, but all firms within each nation utilize a common production method for each commodity. 5. Costs do not vary with the level of production and are proportional to the amount of labor used. 6. Perfect competition prevails in all markets. Because no single producer or consumer is large enough to influence the market, all are price takers. Product quality does not vary among nations, implying that all units of each product are identicalRead MoreApplication Of Lean Six Sigma Essay2414 Words   |  10 PagesMotorola and Toyota, they both became successful and competing methodologies for business improvement. Today, several companies rest upon either Lean or Six Sigma in order to streamline and improve their processes. Smart companies however are finding ways to integrate both methodologies, under the umbrella of Lean Six Sigma (LSS). This paper deals with a case where a large software service provider firm LPS implemented lean Six Sigma methodology to improve upon the existing process outsourced by a largeRead MoreLp Gas Agency System1865 Words   |  8 PagesTable of Contents 1. Introduction 1 2. Problem Statement 1 3. Objectives 2 4. Scope 2 5. Limitations 2 6. Methodology 3 6.1 Data Collection 3 6.1.1 Primary Data Collection 3 6.1.2 Secondary Data Collection 3 6.2 System Requirement Specification (SRS) 3 6.2.1 Functional Requirement 3 6.2.2 Non-Functional Requirement 4 6.3 Feasibility Analysis 4 6.4 Development Model 4 6.5 Hardware and Software Requirements 6 6.5.1 Hardware Requirements 6 6.5.2 Software Requirements 6 6.6 TestingRead MoreRetail Loss Prevention2562 Words   |  11 PagesLoss Prevention (LP) came in second only to the overall economy! It is no surprise given that every dollar saved from retail shrink is a dollar added directly to the bottom-line. Looking back in history, we have seen tough times like these are conducive for higher shrink numbers. This is mainly due to retailers cutting down loss prevention staffing and store personnel, slowdown in technology investments, and increase in theft owing from people who cannot handle the economic pressure. LP organizations